Lizards — Reading Comprehension Lesson

Reading Passage

Lizards

Lizards are reptiles found on every continent except Antarctica, in environments ranging from tropical rainforests to scorching deserts. They vary enormously in size: the tiny dwarf gecko measures less than an inch long, while the Komodo dragon of Indonesia can reach ten feet and weigh over 150 pounds. All lizards have dry, scaly skin, four legs with clawed feet, and a long tail.

Most lizards are carnivores that hunt insects, spiders, and small animals. They use excellent eyesight and a keen sense of smell — flicking their tongue to pick up scent particles — to locate prey. Some species, like the iguana, are herbivores that eat only plants and fruit. Lizards are cold-blooded and regulate their body temperature by basking in sunlight or seeking shade.

Lizards have developed remarkable defense strategies to escape predators. Many species can shed their tail when grabbed — the tail wriggles to distract the predator while the lizard escapes, and the tail grows back over time. Some lizards puff up their body, hiss loudly, or display bright warning colors. The chameleon is famous for changing color to blend with its surroundings, though color change is also used for communication.

Lizards reproduce by laying eggs in warm, sheltered spots, though some species give birth to live young. Most lizard parents do not care for their eggs or hatchlings after birth. Geckos are unusual among lizards in that many species can vocalize — producing chirping and clicking sounds used for communication.

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