Fats — Reading Comprehension Lesson

Reading Passage

Fats

Fats are one of the three main macronutrients the body needs, along with carbohydrates and protein. Despite their reputation, fats play many important roles in keeping the body healthy.

Fats are a concentrated source of energy. They provide more than twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates or protein. The body stores excess energy as fat in adipose tissue, which insulates the body and protects vital organs from impact.

There are several types of fats. Unsaturated fats, found in foods like olive oil, avocados, and nuts, are considered heart-healthy. They can help lower harmful cholesterol levels in the blood. Saturated fats, found in butter, red meat, and full-fat dairy products, should be consumed in moderation.

Trans fats are an artificial type of fat created through a process called hydrogenation. They are found in some processed foods and have been linked to increased risk of heart disease. Many countries have moved to limit or ban trans fats in food products.

Fats also help the body absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K, which are fat-soluble vitamins that dissolve in fat rather than water. Without adequate fat in the diet, the body cannot properly absorb these important nutrients. A balanced diet includes healthy fats in moderate amounts.

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